Scientific Name: Tomato torrado virus

Describer: nan

Common Name: ToTV

Title: First report of Tomato torrado virus in Panama

Summary:

Significance: In February of 2008, Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plants exhibiting unusual symptoms were observed in Panama. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The researchers found no difference in symptom expression between plants infected with both viruses or with ToTV alone. This is the first report of ToTV in Panama.

Issues of Concern: ToTV, the causal agent of tomato torrado disease, is also known to infect other species in the family Solanaceae, including S. tuberosum (potato), S. lycopersicum(tomato), S. melongena (eggplant), Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco), and Capsicum annuum (pepper) (Amari et al., 2008). Natural infection of weed hosts was reported in Spain in various plant families such as Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Malvacae, and Polygonaceae (Alfaro-Fernandez et al. 2008). These hosts may serve as alternative hosts in close proximity to Solanaceous crop production systems. 

The tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are able to transmit ToTV (Amari et al., 2008). These vectors are present in the NAPPO region (CABI, 2007). 

This is a newly named virus and disease problem that has also been found in Spain (Alfaro-Fernández et al., 2007), Hungary (glasshouse incursion) (EPPO, 2008), and Poland (Pospieszny et al., 2007). A related but distinct virus, Tomato marchitez virus, was recently detected and named in Mexico (Verbeek et al., 2008). Both viruses are proposed to belong to a new genus called Torradovirus (Verbeek et al., 2008).

References:

CABI. 2007. Crop Protection Compendium. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International (CABI), Wallingford, UK. 

Alfaro-Fernández, A., C. Córdoba-Sellés, M.C. Cebrián, J.A. Sánchez-Navarro, A. Espino, R. Martín, and C. Jordá. 2007. First report of Tomato torrado virus in Tomato in the Canary Islands, Spain. Plant Disease. 91(8): 1060. 

Alfaro-Fernández, A., C. Córdoba-Sellés, M.C. Cebrián, J.A. Herrera-Vásquez, J.A. Sánchez-Navarro, M. Juárez, A. Espino, R. Martín, and C. Jordá. 2008. First Report of Tomato torrado virus on Weed Hosts in Spain. Plant Disease. 92(5): 831. 

Amari, K., D. Gonzalez-Ibeas, P. Gómez, R.N. Sempere, M.A. Sanchez-Pina, M.A. Aranda, J.A. Diaz-Pendon, J. Navas-Castillo, E. Moriones, J. Blanca, M.D. Hernandez-Gallardo, and G. Anastasio. 2008. Tomato torrado virus is Transmitted by Bemisia tabaci and Infects Pepper and Eggplant in Addition to Tomato. Plant Disease. 92(7): 1139. 

EPPO. 2008. Incursion of Tomato torrado virus in Hungary. EPPO Reporting Service No. 6. Paris. June 01, 2008. ttp://archives.eppo.org/EPPOReporting/2008/Rse-0806.pdf 

Herrera-Vasquez, J. A., A. Alfaro-Fernández, M. C. Cordoba-Selles, M. C. Cebrian, M. I. Font, and C. Jorda. 2009. First report of Tomato torrado virus infecting tomato in single and mixed infections with Cucumber mosaic virus in Panama. Plant Disease 93(2):198. 

Pospieszny, H. N. Borodynko, A. Obrepalska-Steplowska, and B. Hasiow. 2007. The First Report of Tomato torrado virus in Poland. Plant Disease. 91(10): 1364. 

Verbeek, M., A.M. Dullemans, J.F.J.M. van den Heuvel, P.C. Maris, R.A.A. van der Vlugt. 2007. Identification and characterization of tomato torrado virus, a new picorna-like virus from tomato. Archives of Virology. 152: 881-890. 

Verbeek, M., A.M. Dullemans, J.F.J.M. van den Heuvel, P.C. Maris, R.A.A. van der Vlugt. 2008. Tomato marchitez virus, a new plant picorna-like virus from tomato related to tomato torrado virus. Archives of Virology. 153: 127-134.